7.8 GeoGebra Illustrative Mathematics - Probability and Sampling

In this unit, students work with probability and sampling. They use their understanding of basic chance experiments to quantify how likely events are to happen and develop a working understanding of probability. Then they design and use simulations to further understand probability as the frequency of the event occurring when repeating an experiment many times. Students represent sample spaces using tables, tree diagrams, and lists, and use the number of outcomes in a sample space to calculate an expected probability.

Two tree diagrams. The leftmost tree diagram has three branches for the first choice, labeled “A,” “B”, and “C.” Choices “A”, “B”, and “C” each have four branches labeled with a different number from 1 through 4. The rightmost tree diagram has four branches for the first choice, labeled 1, 2, 3, and 4. Choices 1, 2, 3, and 4 each have three branches, labeled with a different letter “A,” “B,” or “C.”

Next, students examine different ways to collect data from samples within a population to understand why random selection is useful. Then students generate samples and estimate information about the population from sample data. Finally, students compare two groups by examining the measures of center and measures of variability calculated from sample data representing each group.